In silico Analysis of 3′-End-Processing Signals in Aspergillus oryzae Using Expressed Sequence Tags and Genomic Sequencing Data

To investigate 3'-end-processing signals in Aspergillus oryzae, we created a nucleotide sequence data set of the 3'-untranslated region (3' UTR) plus 100 nucleotides (nt) sequence downstream of the poly(A) site using A. oryzae expressed sequence tags and genomic sequencing data. This data set comprised 1065 sequences derived from 1042 unique genes. The average 3' UTR length in A. oryzae was 241 nt, which is greater than that in yeast but similar to that in plants. The 3' UTR and 100 nt sequence downstream of the poly(A) site is notably U-rich, while the region located 15-30 nt upstream of the poly(A) site is markedly A-rich. The most frequently found hexanucleotide in this A-rich region is AAUGAA, although this sequence accounts for only 6% of all transcripts. These data suggested that A. oryzae has no highly conserved sequence element equivalent to AAUAAA, a mammalian polyadenylation signal. We identified that putative 3'-end-processing signals in A. oryzae, while less well conserved than those in mammals, comprised four sequence elements: the furthest upstream U-rich element, A-rich sequence, cleavage site, and downstream U-rich element flanking the cleavage site. Although these putative 3'-end-processing signals are similar to those in yeast and plants, some notable differences exist between them.